Piriformis syndrome occurs when the piriformis muscle, which is located deep in the buttock, causes pain. The piriformis muscle starts at the lower spine and attaches to the upper thigh bone. It functions to rotate the hip outward.
What causes Piriformis Syndrome?
Swelling, inflammation and spasm can occur in the piriformis muscle due to trauma, prolonged sitting or repetitive injury such as from sports. The pain may run down the back of the thigh.
How is Piriformis Sydrome diagnosed?
There is no direct, definitive test for Piriformis Syndrome. It is diagnosed by history and physical exam. Imaging may be ordered to rule out other pathologies.
How is Piriformis Syndrome treated?
Avoiding the activities that trigger the pain is important. Rest, ice, and heat can be helpful. Physical therapy, stretching, and exercises can also help relieve pain. Anti-inflammatories and muscle relaxers can ease pain. Injections with a steroid or botox can reduce the inflammation, pain, and spasm.